Percentage Calculator
Calculate percentages, percentage change, and more — instantly
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What is a Percentage?
A percentage is a way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100. The word "percent" comes from the Latin per centum, meaning "by the hundred." When you say 25%, you mean 25 out of every 100, or equivalently 0.25 as a decimal. Percentages are used everywhere — from discounts and tax rates to statistics and school grades.
This calculator covers the four most common percentage problems people search for: finding what X% of a number is, figuring out what percentage one number is of another, calculating how much something changed in percentage terms, and adding or removing a percentage from a value.
How to Use This Calculator
- Select the type of percentage calculation you need using the tabs at the top.
- Enter your numbers in the input fields. Results update automatically as you type.
- Read your answer from the blue result box. The formula used is shown below the answer.
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Frequently Asked Questions
To calculate 20% of a number, multiply the number by 0.20 (or equivalently divide it by 5). For example, 20% of 150 = 150 × 0.20 = 30. This calculator's first tab ("X% of Y") does this instantly — just enter 20 in the percentage field and your number in the second field.
Percentage change = ((New Value − Old Value) ÷ Old Value) × 100. If a price goes from $80 to $100, the change is ((100 − 80) ÷ 80) × 100 = 25%. A positive result means an increase; a negative result means a decrease. Use the "% Change" tab in this calculator to compute this instantly.
Divide X by Y and multiply by 100. For example, 45 is what % of 180? = (45 ÷ 180) × 100 = 25%. This is useful for calculating exam scores, discounts, or any situation where you need to express one number as a fraction of another. The "X is what % of Y" tab handles this automatically.
To add a percentage: multiply the original by (1 + percentage/100). For a 20% increase on 100: 100 × 1.20 = 120. To subtract: multiply by (1 − percentage/100). For a 20% discount on 100: 100 × 0.80 = 80. The "Add/Remove %" tab handles both cases and shows you the exact result.
A percentage point is an absolute difference between two percentages. If interest rates go from 5% to 8%, that's an increase of 3 percentage points. But in percent change terms, it's a 60% increase (3 ÷ 5 × 100). The distinction matters: politicians and media often use "percentage points" to make changes look smaller, while "percent change" shows the relative magnitude.